LN and MgO:LN Crystals
LN (LiNbO3, Lithium Niobate) crystal is one of the most thoroughly characterized nonlinear optical materials and suitable for a variety of frequency conversion applications. Crystal growing techniques allows consistent production of large and high optical quality crystals. Pure LN has a low threshold for photorefractive effect, therefore MgO (5% typical) doped LN (MgO:LN) was developed to increase the photorefractive damage threshold making it more useful for nonlinear frequncy conversions.
Newlight Photonics offers both pure LN and MgO doped LN crystals for second harmonic generation (SHG), sum frequency generation (SFG), different frequency generation (DFG) , or optical parametric generation (OPA), especially those involving infrared light in the range of ~ 1 - 4 μm.
| Part No. | Description | Application | Thickness | Price | Availability | Add to Cart |
Basic Properties of pure LiNbO3:
| Crystal Structure | Trigonal, Space group R3C, Point group 3m |
| Cell Parameters | a=5.148 Å , c=13.863 Å |
| Melting Point | 1253oC |
| Curie Temperature | 1140oC |
| Mohs Hardness | 5 |
| Density: | 4.64 g/cm3 |
| Specific Heat: | 0.59 J/g/K |
| Optical Homogeneity | ~ 5x10-5 /cm |
| Transparency Range | 420 -- 5200 nm |
| Absorption Coefficient | ~0.1% /cm @ 1064 nm |
| Refractive indices at 1064 nm (Pure LN) |
ne= 2.146, no = 2.220 @ 1300 nm ne = 2.156, no = 2.232 @ 1064 nm ne = 2.203, no = 2.286 @ 632.8 nm |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient (@ 25 oC) |
//a, 2.0x10-6 /K |
| //c, 16.7x10-6 /K | |
| Thermal Conductivity Coefficient: | ~ 5 W/m/K at 250oC |
| Thermal Optical Coefficient | dno/dT=-0.874x10-6/K at 1.4 µm dne/dT=39.073x10-6/K at 1.4 µm |
| The Sellmeier equations (Pure LN)) (λ in µm) |
no2 = 4.9048+0.11768/(λ2-0.04750)-0.027169λ2 ne2 = 4.5820+0.099169/(λ2-0.04443)-0.021950λ2 |
Nonlinear Optical Properties:
| NLO Coefficients (x//m) |
d11 = -d12 = -d26 = 2.6 pm/V d31 = d32 = d24 = d15 =4.6 pm/V d33 = 25 pm/V |
|
| Electro-Optic Coefficient (x//m) |
γT11 = 6.8 pm/V, γs11 = 3.4 pm/V γT13 = 10 pm/V, γs13 = 8.6 pm/V γT33 = 32 pm/V, γs33 = 31 pm/V |
|
| Photorefractive Damage Threshold | 50 MW/cm2 (10 ns, 1064 nm) | |
| Surface Damage Threshold | 300 MW/cm2 (10 ns, 1064 nm) | |
MgO doped LiNbO3 (MgO:LN) has similar linear and nonlinear optical properties to pure LiNbO3, but the photorefractive damage threshold is much higher.
The Sellmeier equations of MgO:LN are:
MgO dopant 5 mol%
no2 = 4.9017+0.112280/(λ2-0.049656)-0.039636λ2
ne2 = 4.5583+0.091806/(λ2-0.048086)-0.032068λ2
MgO dopant 7 mol%
no2 = 4.8762+0.11554/(λ2-0.04674)-0.033119λ2
ne2 = 4.5469+0.094779/(λ2-0.04439)-0.026721λ2
Specifications of LN, MgO:LN components:
| Wavefront distortion: less than λ/6 @ 633 nm |
| Dimension tolerance: (W +/- 0.1 mm) x (H +/- 0.1 mm) x (L + 0.2/-0.1mm) |
| Clear aperture: > 90% central area |
| Flatness: λ/8 @ 633 nm |
| Surface Quality: Scratch/dig 20/10 per MIL-O-13830A |
| Parallelism: better than 20 arc seconds |
| Perpendicularity: 5 arc minutes |
| Angle tolerance: Δθ < +/-0.25o, Δφ < +/-0.25o |
Coatings:
Typically LN, MgO:LN crystals are supplied uncoated. AR coatings are available upon request.
Mount:
For customer convenience and protection of crystals, crystals with T≤ 3.0 mm can bemounted in a 1" anodized aluminum holder.
Thicker crystals are typically supplied unmounted, but water-cooled or uncooled mounts can be offered upon request.
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